Possível relação das alterações dietéticas de micronutrientes com a sintomatologia comportamental no distúrbio do espectro autista
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37085/jmmv1.n2.2019.pp.37-45Palavras-chave:
Autismo, Minerais, Vitaminas, ComportamentoResumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a possível relação das alterações dietéticas de micronutrientes com a sintomatologia comportamental característica do Distúrbio do Espectro Autista (DEA), verificando que complicações podem estar envolvidas e o que isso pode impactar nesse público. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados eletrônicas “Pubmed”, “Science Direct” e “Scielo”, publicados em inglês e português no período de janeiro de 2002 a outubro de 2019. Utilizou os seguintes descritores de busca: “autistic desorder” AND “vitamins” AND “minerals” AND “gastrointestinal tract” AND “nutrition” AND “behavior” e suas combinações. Na busca, foram encontrados 2.857 artigos, dentre os quais, mediante os critérios de inclusão e de exclusão apenas 47 artigos foram selecionados, e mais 2 livros. Observou-se que esse público tem uma maior probabilidade de ter uma inadequação de micronutrientes, em que pode ser heterogêneo, variando de deficiência a toxicidade, ocasionada pela dieta restritiva e monótona, refletindo assim no seu estado nutricional. A frequência de sintomas intestinais também pode estar atrelada ao agravamento do comportamento alimentar e da sintomatologia típica do transtorno, que consequentemente reflete de forma negativa na absorção desses nutrientes, os quais desempenham papéis cruciais no neurodesenvolvimento. Concluímos que é necessário a realização de novas pesquisas nesta área para avaliar a ingestão alimentar de micronutrientes específicos, para verificar se há comprometimento da absorção desses nutrientes, seu impacto no comportamento característico e na eficácia da suplementação validada neste público. Assim, possibilitando a criação de medidas preventivas, embora as causas do DEA ainda sejam incertas, a influência dos micronutrientes não deve ser negligenciada.
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